MICROPLASTICS & THE GALÁPAGOS PENGUIN
Are Microplastics Accumulating in the Foodweb of the Endangered Galápagos Penguin?
Modelling Microplastics Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification potential in the Galápagos Archipelago

AUTHORS
KARLY MCMULLEN
MSc Student
Ocean Pollution Research Unit (OPRU), Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries (IOF), University of British Columbia (UBC)
DR. EVGENY PAKHOMOV
Supervisor
Principal Investigator of Marine Zooplankton & Micronekton Lab, IOF & EOAS, UBC
DR. JUAN JOSÉ ALAVA
Supervisor
Principal Investigator of OPRU, IOF, UBC
REFERENCES
MODEL METHODS
Alava, J. J. (2020). Modeling the Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification Potential of Microplastics in a Cetacean Food web of the Northeastern Pacific: A Prospective Tool to Assess the Risk Exposure to Plastic Particles. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, 793. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.566101
Christensen, V. and Walters, C.J. (2004). Ecopath with Ecosim: methods, capabilities and limitations. Ecological modelling, 172(2-4), 109-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2003.09.003
EXISTING EWE MODELS FOR GALÁPAGOS WATERS AVAILABLE THROUGH ECOBASE
Okey T.A., Banks S., Born A.F., Bustamante R.H., Calvopiña M., Edgar G.J., Espinoza E., Fariña J.M., Garske L.E., Reck G.K., Salazar S., Shepherd S., Toral-Granda V., & Wallem P. (2004). A trophic model of a Galápagos subtidal rocky reef for evaluating fisheries and conservation strategies. Ecological Modelling 172 (2-4): 383-401. 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2003.09.019
Ruiz DJ, Banks S, Wolff M. (2016) Elucidating fishing effects in a large-predator dominated system: The case of Darwin and Wolf Islands (Galápagos). Journal of Sea Research 107 (2): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2015.11.001
SUPPORTING LITERATURE CITED IN PRESENTATION
Cole, M., Lindeque, P., Halsband, C., & Galloway, T. S. (2011). Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: A review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(12), pp. 2588-2597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.025
Eriksen, M., Lebreton, L. C., Carson, H. S., Thiel, M., Moore, C. J., Borerro, J. C., et al. (2014). Plastic pollution in the world's oceans: more than 5 trillion plastic pieces weighing over 250,000 tons afloat at sea. PloS one, 9(12), e111913.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111913
Galgani, F., Fleet, D., Van Franeker, J. A., Katsanevakis, S., Maes, T., Mouat, J., et al. (2010). Task group 10 report: marine litter. Marine Strategy Framework Directive. JRC, IFREMER & ICES. 10.2788/86941
Jambeck, J. R., Geyer, R., Wilcox, C., Siegler, T. R., Perryman, M., Andrady, A., et al. (2015). Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean. Science, 347(6223), 768-771. DOI: 10.1126/science.1260352
Kane, I. A., Clare, M. A., Miramontes, E., Wogelius, R., Rothwell, J. J., Garreau, P., & Pohl, F. (2020). Seafloor microplastic hotspots controlled by deep-sea circulation. Science, 368(6495), 1140-1145. DOI: 10.1126/science.aba5899
PlasticEurope. (2019). Plastics - the Facts 2019. https://www.plasticseurope.org/en/resources/publications/1804-plastics-facts-2019
Ryan, P. G. (2015). A Brief History of Marine Litter Research. In Bergman M., Gutow L., & Klages M. (Eds.) Marine Anthropogenic Litter (pp.27-76). Springer Open, University of Gothenburg.
Thompson, R. C., Olsen, Y., Mitchell, R. P., Davis, A., Rowland, S. J., Anthony W. G. John, et al. (2004). Lost at Sea: Where Is All the Plastic? Science, 304(5672), 838– 838. Retrieved from JSTOR. DOI: 10.1126/science.1094559
Wright, S. L., Thompson, R. C., & Galloway, T. S. (2013). The physical impacts of microplastics on marine organisms: a review. Environmental pollution, 178, 483-492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.031
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
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COLLABORATORS




